Windmill.



No. 650,041. Patented May 22, won.

E. EVERSON.

WINDMILL.

(Application ,filed Liar. 13, 1900.) (No Modsi.) 3 Sheets-Shoat I.

I] wuen 1 fox 'No. 650,04l.

l atented May 22,1900; .E. EVERSON.

WIN D M I H...

(Application. filed Mar/13, 1900.

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wnzns co. PHOYO-LITNOHWASMNGTON n c NrrED STATES PATENT omc.

EVER EVERSON, OF MANKATO, KANSAS.

WINDMILL.

SEPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 650,041, dated May 22, 1900.

Application filed March 13, 1900. Serial No. 8,505. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EVER EVERSON, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Mankato, in the county of Jewell and State of Kansas," have invented certain new and useful Im provements in Windmills; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to windmills, and has for its objects to lighten, stifien, and brace the structure, particularly the wheel and head, to combine therewith a novel brake and governor mechanism arranged for simultaneous action, to dispose the parts whereby access can be readily had thereto for repairs, lubrication, cleaning, and any other desired purpose, and to provide an engine which will operate in a light wind, automatically throw itself more or less out of a high wind to avoid dangerous pressure, and which will be lasting, durable, and efficient.

For a full description of the invention and the merits thereof and also to acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means for efiecting the result reference is to be had to the following description and the drawings hereto attached.

While the essential and characteristic features of the invention are necessarily susceptible of modification, still the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective View of a windmill specially designed for attaining the ob jects of this invention. Fig. 2 is 'a side elevation, the lower portion of the derrick being omitted. Fig. 3 is a top plan view, the wheel being in section. Fig. 4 is a detail section on the line X X of Fig. 2 looking toward the wheel, as indicated by the arrow, the outer portion of the wheel being broken away. Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the relation of'the parts when the wheel is thrown out of the wind. Fig. 6 is a detail view in perspective of the windmill-head stripped of its operating parts and the cover of the oil-box being thrown upward. Fig. 7 is a detail viewin perspective of the inner or pivotal end of the arm bearing the tail-vane.- Fig. 8 is adctail tail section on the line Y Y of Figs. 3 and 5. Fig. 10 is a detail view in perspective of the brake,'the weighted lever, and the intermediate connections.

' Corresponding and like parts are referred to in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters. 1

The tower or derrick 1 may be of any construction, according to the design and make of engine, and the corner posts or bars are connected at their upper ends bya cap 2, which is centrally apertured to receive the pendent tubular portion 3 of the windmillhead 4, said cap likewise constituting a table for the head 4 to turn upon in the various view in perspective of a paddle. Fig.9 is a de movements of the wheel to adapt itself to the direction of the current of air. A bracket arm 5 projects outwardly from the head 4 and sleeves 6 and 7, extending in parallel relation and connected near their ends by transverse ribs 8, which form, with the bearings, a box or receptacle 9 to receive lubricant, by means of which the shafts journaled in the bearings 6 and 7 are caused to run easy. Oil-ducts 10 connect the box or receptacle 9 with the re spective bearings 6 and 7 to convey the lubricant to the working parts. The cover 11 is hinged at one end and is adapted to close the box or receptacle 9 and prevent dust and foreign matter from finding their way into the lubricant after the receptacle has been supplied. A standard or upright 12 rises vertically from the head 4. and is disposed at one side of the tubular extension 3 and at the inner end of the bearing-sleeves 6 and 7, and the cover 11 is hinged or pivoted thereto. A second standard or upright 13 rises vertically from the is provided at its upper end with bearinghead 4 at the opposite side of the part 3 and 1 A spider 19 is ceive the free end of the spring 17.

in a vertical direction.

in the bearing-sleeve=6,and its inner end 0X tends across the space formed between the standards 12 and 13 and is mounted in'a bear- The wind-wheelis secured to the outer end of the A. second shaft 22 is mounted in the bearing sleeve 7 and is providedat its'innenendwith'f a gear-Wheel 23, intermeshing with a pinion ing 21 at the foot of the standard 13.

shaft and operates'in .a vertical plane.

24',-secured upon'the-shaft 20. A pitman 25 connects the wrist 26 of the gear-wheel 23 with acorrespondingwrist 27 at the :upper end of the pump-rod 18 and imparts a reciprocating movement thereto in the operation of the engine. A casting or lug 28is fitted to theaupper end-of the pump-rod 18 and carries the wrist-pin 27 and is. apertured to re- The pump-rod 18 -passes through the tubular extension 3 of the head 4 and throughithe bearing 15 and is caused to travel up and down The purpose of the spring 17is, to relieve the engine of the weight 22, pendent from the arm 16 in vertical alineof -the;pu rnp-rod andparts connected therewith, :therebyenabling-the wheelto operate inia@comparatively-light wind and perform effective service.

Thertail-vane 29 is secured to the outer end;

of an arm 3O, which is pivoted at its inner end-to-an extension of the head 4, said'arm being strengthened by a brace 31, having its innerend loosely-connected with a :journal menttwiththe pivot of the arm 30. A casting 33-isiapplied to the inner end of thearm' and is-cleftor bifurcated .to receive the part .of the head 4 to which it-is pivoted and is-formed with a lug 34, constituting astop,

and aniear 35, which is apertured to receive theibent end of a link 36, connectingthe-arm 30 with the'bent end 37 of thewe ightedlever 3S,-ipi.vated to the upper portion of the standard-13. A lug 39 projects rearwardly from the liead-f *4. and forms a stop to limit'the out- Wardimovementofthearm 30. A secondlu g 40 projects laterallyf-rom the head 4 and at a rightfangle to the lug 39 and is adapted to engage withthe lug 34 and limit the'rel-ative movement of the tail-vane when foldedso as toa'occupy a position parallel with the plane of ,the wheel.

The lever 38 is f ulcrumed a short distance fromits bent end 37 to the upper portion-of the standard '13, and its outer end receives a we ght4l,'having adjustable connection there: with,'and which can be moved so as to-oause.

theswheelto oifera greater-or less resistance r to -the-'wind,'as may be required. A brace 42 is rigidlyeonnected at one end to the lever 38 at a distance from its fulcrum, and-its opposite end has pivotal connection with the standard 12 in transverse alinement with the pivot of the said lever 38; A wire 43 or analogous device has connection with the short arm of the lever 38 and passes through the tube?) and is attached to a lever 44 of the second order f ulcrum-ed at one end to a crossbar of the tower, a pull wire or connection 45-being attached to the opposite end thereof and extended withinconvenient reach to be drawn upon when it is required to throw the engineoutofaction. The lower end of the pull device 45 maybe secured in any convenient way, so 'as'tofhold the wheel out of the wind when it is not required to perform any work.

The wheel comprises a-cup 4:6,;SGC111Gd130 the outer end of the sh-aft'20, a rimmed disk 47, made fast-to the said shaft adjacent tothe outer ends of the bearings 6 and .7,,t-trussbraces 18 and 49,having their inner ends secured, respectively, to the cup 46 .and disk 47,, concentricrings orbands 50 and 51, and paddles 52, secured between the rings 50, and 51 and inclined ,to the plane of the wheelat the-required pitch, seas toreceivethe'force ofthe wind and impelthe engine. The outer ring or band50 is attached to the extremities ofthe truss-braces, and theinnerring 51 is secured medially to cross-braces 53, connecting thetruss-braces about midway of their ends. It will-thusbe observed that the-rings 50 and 51,withthe paddles 52, occupy a'centralposition with ref e rence to the trussrbraces. The inner ends of the braces 48 rhave adjustable eonnection with the cup 46,and. for this purpose their terminal portions are :made rounding and threaded,eaehreceivingapair of nuts 54, receiving between them the flanged portion or sidesof said cup. By-a proper manipulation of thenuts54the braces 48-can be strained more or less, soas :to true the wheel and compensate ;for strain, so .as to equalize the action of the braces upon all parts of the wheel. Short bars 55 ,are attached midway of their ends to the outer ring 50 and are obliquely disposed with reference to the plane of motion of :the wheel, the inclination corresponding with the'required TIO pitchof-thepaddles. The-paddlesareoftapering form and increase inwidth toward their outer ends, andtheir longitudinal edge portions .areformed into rollsand ireceive wires. 56, whose end portionsproject and en- 'ter openingsiformed' in'the extremities of :the bars 55 and in the ring 51,the projecting ends of the wires beingeither upset or bent,-'so as to-retainthem in place. ThGSGxWi'I'GS-fifi reinforce and stiffen the paddles in addition to theroller edges thereof and enable comparatively-thin sheet metal being used inthe construction of the paddles. i 7

When the-engine is'thrown out of action, it is essential to prevent any-rotationof the wheel, and provision is had for this purpose by combining with the wheel a brake mechthe engine is unshipped.

anism which is adapted to cooperate with the governor mechanism. A shaft 57 is j on rnaled in bearings 58, projecting from the sleeve 6, and is provided at one end with a springarm 59 and at its opposite end with an arm 60, bearing a brake-shoe 61, adapted to bear against the inner periphery of the rim 62 of the disk 47. A link 63 connects the outer end of the spring-arm 59 with the inner end of the brace 42. Hence when the weighted end of the lever 38 rises to throw the engine out of the wind the spring-arm 59 is correspondingly elevated at its outer end and causes the brake-shoe 61 to engage with the rim 62 and hold the wheel against possible rotation when w The outer end of the spring-arm 59 is bent upwardly and is formed with an elongated opening, as shown at 64, to receive the end of the link 63, which is threaded and receives a pair of nuts 65, located upon opposite sides of the bent terminal of the said link 63. Hence the effective length of the link can be lengthened or shortened to cause the brake-shoe to bear with a greater or less degree of pressure against the rim 62. By having the arm 59 resilient or constructed so as to spring it can yield to permit the wheel to be thrown entirely out of the wind should the brake-shoe come in contact with the rim 62 prior to the complete movement essential to throw the engine entire'ly out of the wind.

It is to be observed that the wind-wheel shaft is set to one side of the arm 30, carrying the tail-vane, and this is necessary in order to make provision for the wheel being antomatically thrown out of the wind in the event of a gale or strong current, so as to obviate injury to the engine. By shifting the weight 41 upon the lever 38 the wheel can be caused to offer a greater orless resistance to the wind before being moved thereby to antomatically throw the same out of action.

When the engine is arranged for performing work, the tail-vane extends at a right angle to the plane of the wheel and is held in the wind by the action of the weighted lever 38, the wheel turning to face the wind about the tube 8 as a vertical axis. As the wheel revolves a reciprocating movement is imparted to the pump-rod 18 by the connection hereinbefore described, the spring 17 relieving the wheel of the weight of the pump-rod and parts attached thereto, whereby a comparativelylight current of air will cause the engine to perform the required work. When from any cause itis desired to throw the engine out of action, the part 45 is pulled upon and through the connections herein described relatively folds the tail-vane or brings it to a position parallel with the plane of the wheel, and the action of the Wind thereon throws the wheel out of action, as will be readily comprehended. Simultaneously with throwing the engine out of action thebrake mechanism is set to prevent any movement of the wheel from counter-currents or any cause whatsoever.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is-- 1. In a windmill, a head provided with parallel bearing-sleeves spaced apart and connected at theirends by transverse ribs forming an oil-receptacle having ducts leading therefrom into the said bearings, and shafts journaled in the bearing-sleeves and lubricated from the aforesaid oil-receptacle, one of the shafts bearing the wind-wheel and the other receiving motion from the wind-wheel shaft and having connection with the pumprod, substantially as set forth.

2. In a windmill, a head provided with an offstandin g bracket-arm provided with spaced bearing-sleeves connected near their ends by transverse ribs forming an oil-receptacle from which ducts lead into the bearingsleeves, shafts journaled in the bearingsleeves and effected for simultaneous actuation, one of the shafts bearing the windwheel and the other shaft being operatively connected with the pump-rod, and a cover hinged at one end to the bracket-arm and adaptedto close the oil-receptacle, substantially as set forth.

3. In a windmill, thecombination with the wind-wheel having an offstanding rim concentric with its axis, the tail-vane, and a lever for throwing the engine out of gear, of a shaft provided with an arm bearing a brake-shoe to cooperate with the aforesaid rim of the wheel, and a spring-arm projecting from the said shaft and operatively connected with the aforementioned lever, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with awind-wheel having an offstanding rim concentric with its axis, a tail-vane, and a lever for throwing the engine out of gear, of a shaft provided with an arm bearing a brake-shoe to cooperate with the aforementioned rim, a springarm applied to the said shaft and an adjustable connection between the spring-arm and the aforesaid lever to vary the effective force of the brake-shoe and admit of the engine being. thrown entirely out of the wind should the brake be set prior to the completion of the movement of the tail-vane, substantially as set forth.-

5. In combination, a wind-wheel, a tailvane, spaced uprights located upon opposite sides of the vertical axis of the engine, a weight-lever fulcrumed to one of the said uprights and operatively connected with the tail-vane, a brace extending from said weighted lever and having pivotal connection with the other upright, a brake mechanism cotip erating with the wheel and comprising an oifstanding arm, and a connection between said arm and the brace of the weighted lever, substantially as set forth.

b. The herein-described wind-wheel comring, and paddles secured between the said 1 -ings, siibst;antial lyas set for th. f [0 "I11 testimony whereof 'Ir'aflix my'signatm'e the opposite end adjustably connected with I in presence of two witnesses. V r

5 the icnp; cross-braces connecting the aforek EVER'EVERSON. [L 8.]

saidbraees intermediate of their ends-inner Witnesses: I w and o ntera'ing's supported-by the saidbraees, R; H; MCBRIDE, obliquely-disposedbars applied '00 the outer l E. ELLINGSON.'

prising a, shaft, 2) cup anddisk securedtothe shaftland space'd apart, braees formed'e'f bent bars havingjone end. secured zto'thedisk and. 

